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Tema I: Introduction to Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products
Drugs
Definition of drug. Types of drugs, classification. Natural drugs, drugs, minerals, animal drugs, herbal drugs, synthetic drugs
What are drugs?
Drugs are chemicals agents that acting selectively on the living organism are able to cure, mitigate or prevent diseases.
Today is also evaluated as a drug to the natural or synthetic chemical substance with effects on the central nervous system, which is consumed for a mood disorder that is enjoyable and can produce phenomenon of tolerance and addiction (addiction).
Classification of drugs
Drugs used in medicine can be classified as:
• Natural Drugs
• Synthetic drugs
natural drugs
Natural drugs come from the three great kingdoms of nature:
Mineral drugs: substances in their elemental form such as sulfur, iodine, iron, acids, salts such as magnesium sulfate, sodium chloride, potassium or calcium.
Animal drugs: Use of animal organs usually in powder form: powder thyroid, liver extract, and obtaining the active ingredients in them such as insulin, l-thyroxine.
herbal drugs: active ingredients contained in the various organs of plants, roots, leaves, flowers, fruits,.. e.j. reserpine, strychnine, atropine, digitoxin, morphine,
vinblastine, galantamine.
synthetic drugs
Synthetic drugs are compounds that are obtained from chemical synthesis and whose source is the laboratory. Synthetic drugs are aspirin, diazepam, indomethacin, propranolol.
We should point out that many drugs that originally had a natural source, are currently used in their synthetic derivatives such as chloramphenicol, papaverine, testosterone.
see also
Herbs (nomenclature)
Definition of drug. Types of drugs, classification. Natural drugs, drugs, minerals, animal drugs, herbal drugs, synthetic drugs
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